Aim of education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Aim of education - Essay Example At the start ÃŽ ¿f Early-Modern Britain, schooling was very limited in its form. Education was not as widespread as it was towards the end ÃŽ ¿f the period. Education was normally limited to the Royalty and Nobility. Not through legislation but the expense ÃŽ ¿f private tuition and lack ÃŽ ¿f other established educational institutions. Private tutors were the educators ÃŽ ¿f British Society in Medieval times. Tutors were academics that taught children in their homes. Tutors sometimes lived with their students and became tutor-companions ÃŽ ¿f the students. This mode ÃŽ ¿f education was clearly out ÃŽ ¿f reach to a large proportion ÃŽ ¿f the population. The other previous form ÃŽ ¿f limited education was related to the religious orders ÃŽ ¿f the time, within monasteries. This was very limited due to the numbers that the church could take and provide employment for. After a time several other types ÃŽ ¿f schooling established themselves in British Society. At the start ÃŽ ¿f Early-Modern Britain there were several modes ÃŽ ¿f schooling developing. These included groupings such as Independent Schools, Song Schools and alas, grammar schools. Independent schools for example had a single headmaster that ran classes from his own home and drew his students from the local community. Some Headmasters ran boarding schools that were designed for students to live and study in. These forms ÃŽ ¿f schools deviated from the previous form ÃŽ ¿f education, the private tutor. Endowed schools arose from several communities and towns. The municipal councils often sponsored these endowed schools. This sometimes allowed for free or subsidised education for all young boys (and some girls) who lived in the community. Young girls however, were seldom taught in the town in which they lived. The purpose ÃŽ ¿f the education was to train future workers and leaders ÃŽ ¿f the town. Such towns and communities believed that a good education would lead to a

Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance Essay Example for Free

Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance Essay The report discusses the many flaws in organized financial markets but concludes that these markets should continue to operate on principles of initiative or creativity and with a reasonable amount of government regulation. While greed may be part of the cause of financial market instability, naivety and delusion contributed as well. Innovation in computer technology coupled with the work of Black and Scholes in options pricing gave rise to the modern derivatives markets. (Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance) Natural selection happens in financial markets where companies are constantly changing to the latest product, i. e. retail banks began to focus on investment banking, and investment banks moved into the arena of hedge funds. The report calls into question the new form of financial market regulation. A major area of focus of the report is what factors lead to the boom and bust market cycles that lead to financial instability. The report describes three concepts, globalization, liberalization, and technological innovation as triggers of market booms, busts, and financial instability. (Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance) This paper responds to each of these ideas as set forth in the report. Globalization According to the report globalization embraced by emerging markets along with low inflation in developed markets made credit grow more quickly and easily. (Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance) However, as the markets are today, developed countries such as the U. S. and the U. K. are in near to full blown inflationary economies. Most global markets are exposed to the U. S. subprime crisis. (Caruana) However, many emerging markets can limit their exposure to the crisis by managing their levels of greed and fear. Greed is limited when these emerging markets do not invest in the derivative securities created by the subprime markets. Fear is managed when countries utilize resources such as the International Monetary Fund, the IMF, for lending facilities that will serve to shore up a country’s credit needs and support the county’s banking and financial institutions’ lending and business investment activities. Liberalization Liberalization in terms of relaxing or reducing banking and financial industry regulations in countries such as Japan and the U. S. has led to property value booms and bubbles which are followed by a bust cycle and finally financial instability. (Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance) It can be argued that greed, particularly in the U. S. , led to a relaxation of banking and financial industry regulation in order to facilitate greater innovation, liquidity, and credit availability in the financial markets. Hedge funds are thought to provide great efficiency, liquidity, and returns in U. S. capital markets. Industry regulation, therefore, should have served to facilitate innovation in the hedge fund industry while protecting it from a financial crisis. (Bartiromo) This, however, was not the case. Widespread fears, both speculative and proven, about decline in assets values caused the federal government to step in with a new level of financial liberalization through bank ownership. Previously regulation was intended to provide a legal framework in which the financial markets could operate. The current level of fear has changed the goal of regulation and extended the methods of regulatory activity to include providing financing and operational assistance or mandate to the financial markets. Innovation New technology industries are thought to create the need for specialized types of financing. (Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance) This concept may work in a normally functioning economy. However, one can look at the alternative energy market to see that this concept is not working in the current economy. Industries like energy technology are capital intensive. Newer, more capital intensive industries generally depend on financing from private equities and hedge funds. (Alt-Energy Firms Sink With Prices, Credit; New fuels) Prior to 2008 fear caused the hedge funds and private equities to invest less in capital intensive industries. More recently as many hedge funds disappeared due to insolvency, this designer type of financing is no longer available to new technology industries. The only existing sources of financing available to energy technology, particularly in the U. S. , is government investment or financing from financial institutions in which the U. S. government has a financing or operational interest. Conclusion the results of Greed and Fear Greed and fear has led to current regulatory practices in which many governments are now owners of many financial institutions as opposed to simple regulatory agencies. The new trend in globalization will be that central banks in both developing and emerging market countries will manage their countries financial markets and systems in a way that will limit exposure to booms and busts in international markets. Once more governments develop controlling interests in banking and other financial institutions the original liberalization referred to in the report should return and these institutions will be able to re-create innovative financing. Governments will regulate these institutions on two fronts – as shareholders and as policymakers. As owners of banks and financial institutions, governments will also become investors in new technologies such as the clean energy industry. Where hedge funds and private equity firms no longer exist at previous levels, new technology firms will look to government equity as a viable alternative form of financing. Works Cited Alt-Energy Firms Sink With Prices, Credit; New fuels, technology less competitive now, financing more scarce. (FRONT PAGE NEWS). Investors Business Daily (Dec 2, 2008): A01. General OneFile. Gale. 19 Apr. 2009. Caruana, Jaime. Viewpoint: A Significant Test Of Emerging Markets Taking A Global Perspective Is Vital To Learn Lessons From Financial Market Turbulence And find The Right Approach To Move Forward In The Future, Says Jaime Caruana. (Viewpoint essay). The Banker (Nov 1, 2007): NA. General OneFile. Gale. 19 Apr. 2009. Greed-and fear A special report on the future of finance. The Economist 24 January 2009: 1-15. Bartiromo, Maria. â€Å"Straight Talk from the Fed; New York Federal Reserve President Tim Geithner on housing prices, regulation, and the post-Greenspan era. Business Week Online (May 4, 2006): NA. General OneFile. Gale. 19 Apr. 2009.

The Advantage Of Commercials :: essays research papers

The Advantage of Commercials It began in the early 1940's and to this day still is in many of our lives, even more so then before. It's the TV that I'm referring to. The TV started only as only musicals on it,. But eventually proceeded up to today's oriented world, with movies, sports, and violence. Today more than 98% of all households have a TV. Over 75,000,000 of TV sets are color. To how haw our lives depend on TV; according to A.C. Nielsen, America watches more than 7 hours per day. Many people say TV has many disadvantaged, like expensive commercials. For example, on 30 second commercials in the 1984 Super Bowl cost approximately 450,000 dollars. If you just look at the price it sounds costly, but in reality TV is one of the most cost-efficient media there is. Not only is cost an advantage of TV commercials, so are TV's impact credibility, selectivity, and flexibility. Television is powerful in may ways, mostly by having the ability to combine all major medial into one media called commercials. TV commercials are like direct mail because it comes directly to the consumer in his or her house. It is like the radio because TV has to have sound to make it powerful impact. It is also similar to print or newspapers because TV is able to show the product alone, in a setting, or in use. Finally, unlike any other advertising vehicle, TV can portray the object in motion while the other forms of media cannot. TV is believable mostly because of the old of "seeing is believing" an that is what TV does. Commercials have an unbelievable capacity to induce belief because of this old saying. The other major print that make TV commercial believable is that the actors make the commercials and A or the A+. What is meant by this is that when and actor uses a product on TV and has a satisfying look on his or her face, that's implying that the product is doing it's job effectively. Also the actors can demonstrate the product tooo The most common way to prove a product worthyness, is to test it against a well known competitor. All of these ways make TV commercials not only very believing, but also very persuading. The next quality that TV commercials have is that the commercials are selective. Commercials can reach any target audience. For example, if a commercial is toward children, the commercial will be played in between after school programs that the children like. If commercial is directed toward housewives, they will be played mostly during the midmorning and afternoon.

Beauvoir Mansion

The Beauvoir Mansion is located on the Gulf of Mexico in Harrison County, Mississippi between Biloxi and Gulfport. Originally the property consisted of six hundred acres and was the private property of Sarah Anne Ellis Dorsey, a woman who had known Jefferson Davis, the first and only President of the Confederate States of America throughout her life. She also was a classmate of Varinna Davis, Jefferson Davis' wife (Allen xx, 521).Dorsey originally rented the property to Davis so he would have a place to write his memoirs The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government published in 1881 and A Short History of the Confederate States of America shortly before his death. Dorsey later sold Beauvoir to him and also named him as her sole heir, in effect, giving him the property. It was the last residence of Jefferson Davis until his death in 1789 and as the home for his wife for some years after his death (Tinling 187).The Mississippi Division of the Sons of Confederate Veterans bought the property in 1902 and converted it to the Jefferson Davis Memorial for Confederate Soldiers and Sailors (Rosenburg 194). Beauvoir served in this capacity until the mid-1950s when it was recast as the Jefferson Davis Home and Presidential Library. Pratt and Pratt describe it as â€Å"a state shrine filled with memorabilia of his life and times (145). The Beauvoir Mansion is listed on the National Registry of Historic Places. According to the Registry for a site to be listed it should meet one of the following criteria.The site must be associated with events that have made a â€Å"significant† impact on patterns of history,† be associated with a person who are significant to the United States' past, embody a characteristic type of construction, be representative of a building master or have high artistic value, or have contributed or is likely to yield significant historical information (National Registry). Clearly Beauvoir Mansion qualifies because of its association wit h Jefferson Davis, Confederate Veterans of the Civil War and is representative of construction in the South circa in 1852 (Pratt and Pratt 145; Beauvoir).As the Presidential Library of Davis it contains many of his papers as well as large collection of Civil War equipment and memorabilia. In addition, there is a Confederate Cemetery on the site where many Civil War veterans are buried. What is interesting about the Beauvoir Mansion is the wide variety of people it appeals to. Naturally it appeals to admirers, and detractors for that matter of Jefferson Davis and his important role in the Civil War. United States History students, scholars and professional historian as well.The Presidential Library provides resources to those working in this area of United States History. However it is not just history buffs that are interested in Beauvoir Mansion. The site holds a prominent place among those people interested in American Architecture and building construction. Chief among the weakne sses of Beauvoir Mansion is the vulnerability of the location in respect to the violent weather associated with hurricanes and tropical storms that are not uncommon in the area. Hurricane Katrina heavily damaged Beauvoir Mansion in 2005.Devereaux provides detailed information about the damage that includes damage to the Davis house and to the Presidential Library. The Hayes Cottage and the pavilion that served as a hospital for Confederate Veterans were completely destroyed as were the chapel, museum and gift shop. Fortunately much of the damage can be repaired. A four million dollar restoration is already underway with an expected reopening date in 2008. Beauvoir Mansion is an interesting historical and architectural site. It provides firsthand information about the Civil War from the point of view of the Confederacy.This is a valuable perspective that is not normally available to the general public who study the Civil War in schools that features the Union worldview. This view of the Civil War is obviously slanted in favor of the Northern States. The old saw about the winning side writing history is often true. Consequently, the people who lived in the Confederacy are largely forgotten and their leaders ignored because the South lost. It is important to remember that there were two points of view about the Civil War.Both positions had merit and defects. It is important to understand the insights both sides experienced in any historical event. The Beauvoir Mansion provides a great opportunity for Americans to learn from the past. When the repairs are completed and the Beauvoir Mansion reopens, it will be a site well worth visiting. Works Cited Allen, Felicity. Jefferson Davis: Unconquerable Heart. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1999. Ballard, Michael B. Civil War Mississippi: A Guide. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 2000.â€Å"Beauvoir: The Jefferson Davis Home and Presidential Library Before the Hurricane 2005. † 26 Feb. 200 7 . Cannon, Devereaux. â€Å"Beauvoir Still Stands! † 2 Sep. 2005. Vexillarium. 26 Feb. 2007 < http://vexillarium. blogspot. com/2005/09/beauvoir-still-stands. html>. â€Å"National Registry of Historic Places: Mississippi Harrison County. † National Registry of Historic Places. 26 Feb. 1999 Nofi, Albert A.A Civil War Treasury: Being a Miscellany of Arms and Artillery, Facts and Figures, Legends and Lore, Muses and Minstrels, Personalities and People. New York: Da Capo Press, 1995. Pratt, Dorothy & Pratt, Richard. A Guide to Early American Homes. New York: McGraw Hill, 1956. Rosenburg, R. B. Living Monuments: Confederate Soldiers' Homes in the New South. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1993. Tinling, Marion. Women Remembered: A Guide to Landmarks of Woman's History in the United States. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986. Wright, John D. The Language of the Civil War. Westport, CT: Oryx Press. 2001.

Study of Consumer Attitudes to Drinking

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO DRINKING – UK – AUGUST 2010 – Consumer Usage – Market in Brief ? There are opportunities for both the on- and off-trade to take advantage of consumers’ willingness to try different drinks. As cocktails are associated with bartender knowledge, skill and theatre of serve, there is scope for the pub industry to differentiate and for manufacturers to replicate, as already seen by Bacardi’s Mojito mixed drink, now complete with branded packs of ice cubes at Tesco. Internal marketing Environment UK alcohol consumption has been in decline since 2004 but penetration levels are still high as drinking is deeply ingrained in the British culture. What People Drink and How Often Although alcohol consumption is down in the UK, consumers are increasing their drinking repertoire, with cider now ranked alongside the lager, wine and spirits categories. Rose benefits from appealing to all age groups and the much sought-after younger demographic, something the red and white varieties have failed to do. ? Rose wine has managed to do what white and red wine have been trying to do for years: appeal to the younger demographic. While it is not as popular a drink as the other wine flavours, white spirits or cider, rose has the advantaged in appealing almost equally to every age group, from 18-24-year-olds to the over-55s. ? Lager has been drunk by the most people (60%) over the past 12 months and is the largest market in terms of volume sales (see Internal Market Environment). ? Lager drinking remains largely male-dominated, with three quarters of men drinking lager in the last year compared to 40% of women, while the opposite is the case for white and sweeter-tasting rose wines, which women tend to prefer. Choice differs by age Figure 17: Types of alcohol drunk in the last 12 months, by age, August 2010 Base: 838 internet users aged 18+ ? Over a third of women, however, drink alcohol less than once a month or never drink alcohol. Interestingly, and in contrast to reports in the media, the highest proportion of people who never drink alcohol is amongst the 25-34-year-old age group, followed by 18-24-year-olds. ? According to Mintel’s On-trade Soft Drinks – UK, December 2009 report, women are much more likely than men to drink soft drinks in the on-trade and are opting for healthier and somewhat more expensive drinks when they do so. There are several barriers to women drinking alcohol, including health and social mores. Mintel’s Understanding Drinking Occasions and Unlocking Potential Customers – UK, August 2009 report found that almost a third of women would be encouraged to try a new alcoholic drink if it were low in calories, suggesting that brands, retailers and pubs need to d o more to inform health-conscious customers that lower-ABV and -calorie alcoholic drinks exist, both in the off- and on-trade. Factors influencing drinking habits: ? The social dimension is important when drinking alcohol, with over half of consumers drinking when catching up with friends. This is a universal factor of why people drink, being a key reason for over half of men and women and typically most important to 18-34-year-olds, although this is still high for the over-35s and across almost all socio-economic groups. Social beings Figure 24: Net difference* between any agree statements on drinking alcohol, by gender, June 2010 Base: 1,701 internet users aged 18+ who have drunk alcohol in the last 12 months * this is worked out by subtracting the percentage of female drinkers agreeing with each statement from the percentage of males. For example, 65% of female drinkers said ‘I don’t like running a tab as I can lose track of how much I’m spending’ compared to 58% of men, therefore giving a score of +7 percentage points. Source: GMI/Mintel Key analysis: While sharing pitchers of beer is common in the US and larger beer glasses pervade the European Continent (e. g. 1-litre beer steins in Germany), in the UK the defining consumer drinking behaviour is the buying of rounds. What is probably most peculiar with buying rounds of drinks is the fact that friends or family are able to request whatever drink they like, regardless of price or type, in the (usually) safe knowledge that the gesture will be returned. More could be done to encourage customers to share their knowledge of favoured drinks when buying rounds, therefore acting as brand ambassadors by driving word-of-mouth recommendations. Drinking Habits Among 18-24yr Olds – UK – June 2010 – Drinking in Context ? Findings in this report indicate that both young men and women feel under considerable pressure to drink to excess, even if they do not like the taste or the experience of getting drunk. While this is more pronounced among men, who are trying to fit in with masculine norms, a sense of social pressure to drink is also common among women. This causes greater internal conflict for them, as women are not only constrained by negative gender stereotypes of getting drunk, but they are also much more sensible about the potential detrimental health problems that alcohol abuse can cause. However, women aged 18-24 are most influenced to not drink by their ego rather than concerns about their health, with the prospect of putting on weight being the single most influential factor in their not drinking alcohol. However, despite this they are just as likely to binge drink as men, although they are less likely to be extreme binge drinkers. As a rule they prefer sweeter-tasting drinks; they are almost three times as likely as all adults to drink pre-mixed spirits (also known as alcopops or alcoholic ready-to-drinks); as well as being much more likely to drink cider and spirits which mix well with soft drinks and in cocktails, such as white rum, bourbon. ? The choice of drinks for 18-24s is influenced by alcohol being such an acquired taste, meaning that younger drinkers prefer sweeter drinks which disguise the raw taste of alcohol. For example, a major finding from Mintel’s Wine – UK, June 2009 was that wine was attracting many more consumers once they reached their mid-thirties onwards, and a main reason for this was that it takes people a while to develop their drinking palates, alongside a greater propensity to drink at home. ? Recently rose has started to attract younger drinkers put off by the negative baggage surrounding alcoholic ready-to-drinks (ARTDs), but it is the brands with higher sugar content, rather than dry roses which are leading the charge. Cider has been one of the few alcoholic beverages to see its sales volumes increasing yearly over the past five years. It has benefited from being re-invented by the Magners ‘on ice’ concept. This appealed to younger drinkers and women by highlighting its refreshment and fresh, fruity taste, in particular for summer occasions (see Cider – UK, November 2008). Few people understand how easy it is to binge drink†¦ Binge drinking is defined according to government guidelines as: * for women, drinking six units of alcohol or more in one session (ie two large glasses of wine) Flavoured Alcoholic Beverages – UK – October 2007 – Market in Brief * Young women have traditionally been the target for FABs and certainly the profile of those that drink them at least once a week still reflects that, for both on- and off-trade drinkers. The regular FAB drinker is more likely to be female, single and less affluent. * There is still some appeal among older women (25-34) who perhaps started drinking when FABs first appeared on the market, although it’s more likely these consumers are drinking less than they use to. Some women have been attracted to the new innovations in lower-calorie FABs, however, the research shows there is a growing need to develop the category as these consumers are looking for a more sophisticated drink. SWOT Strengths * Consumer demand for more refreshing drinks with lower alcohol levels. * Growing interest in fruit-flavoured drinks. * A large proportion of consumers occasionally drinking FABs providing an opportunit y to increase frequency. * Increased NPD in this market. Government campaigns on units should alert consumers to lower strength than is perceived. * A willingness from retailers to develop the category via premiumisation. Weaknesses * Fall in the number of consumers drinking alcohol as healthy lifestyles take hold. * Poor image associated with the category with underage consumers and binge drinkers. * Continued price pressure from supermarkets. * FABs’ unsuitability to developing on-trade occasions such as food-led. Lack of premium offering appealing to over-25s. * For a market in decline focus on young women is limiting the appeal and targeting requires a broader audience. * Increased competition from cider and lager offered in premium-style bottles. * Declining availability as increased options in premium drinks such as lagers, ales and ciders and soft drinks squeeze shelf space both in supermarkets and bars. Drinks Market 2008 Key Note Alcoholic drinks worth an estimated ? 41. 6bn

The Lack Of Tolerance In Society Essays

The Lack Of Tolerance In Society Essays The Lack Of Tolerance In Society Essay The Lack Of Tolerance In Society Essay Lack of Tolerance The lack of tolerance in society is shown throughout history, from the Holocaust to the racial controversy of modern times. The archetypal titles that apply to Totalities in The Mists of Valor reveals Marion Simmer Barleys didactic purpose to communicate that tolerance is key in an Ideal society. Totalities believes It makes no difference what words [they] use to tell the same truths, the priests bigotry causes them to think and preach to others that The Devil gives [the Druids] [their] knowledge (261 , 279). Conforming to the Innate Wisdom archetype, Tailspins tolerance for Christianity sharply contrasts with the narrow- mindedness of the Christian priests. The tolerance for pagans wanes as the Marlins mental condition deteriorates, and In this Bradley demonstrates to the audience what an Imperative role tolerance plays In the maintenance of society. Another archetype that Tallness embodies Is the Mentor. Telltales dedication to the belief that It Is Gods will that all men should strive for wisdom In themselves, not look to It from some other Is an optimal premise for Urethras rule, and by portraying the Merlin as Urethras mentor and possible role model, Bradley indicates that rulers should be influenced by those who are tolerant of others rather than people who are blindly prejudiced against others (260). One of the greatest leaders of our country, Thomas Jefferson, once said It does me no injury for my neighbor to say there are 20 gods, or no god. It neither picks my pocket nor breaks my leg. This principle of religious tolerance (or tolerance of any sort) is glorified by Marion Simmer Bradley as an essential component of society.

Gustar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Gustar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb gustar can be translated as to like. This verb may be confusing for Spanish learners because gustar is considered a defective or impersonal verb, so it is often conjugated in the third person only. In addition, it requires a variation in the sentence structure. This article includes gustar conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, conditional, and future), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms, as well as examples, translations, and explanations of the peculiarities of the verb gustar. Using the Verb Gustar If youre a beginner at Spanish, chances are most of the sentences youve been using as examples follow roughly the same word order as we use in English, with the verb following the subject. But Spanish also frequently places the subject after the verb, and that is usually true with gustar. Here are some examples of gustar in action: Me gusta el coche. (I like the car.)Nos gustan los coches. (We like the cars.)Le gustan los coches. (You/he/she likes the cars.) As you can see, the sentences arent quite what you might expect. Instead of following the form person who likes verb the object liked, they follow the form indirect-object pronoun representing the person who likes verb the object liked (the indirect-object pronouns are me, te, le, nos, os, and les). In these sentences, the object liked is the subject in Spanish. Also, note that the subject of these sentences (the object that is liked) is always accompanied by the definite article (el, la, los, las). If this seems confusing, heres an approach that might help: Instead of thinking of gustar as meaning to like, it is both more accurate and makes more sense in this sentence structure to think of it as meaning to be pleasing. When we say, I like the car, the meaning is much the same as saying, the car is pleasing to me. In plural form, it becomes the cars are pleasing to me, with a plural verb. Note, then, the differences in the common and literal translations below: Me gusta el coche.  (I like the car. Literally, the car is pleasing to me.)Nos gustan los coches. (We like the cars. Literally, the cars are pleasing to us.)Le gustan las camionetas. (You /he/she likes the pickups. Literally, the pickups are pleasing to you/him/her.) When the pronoun le or les is used, as in the third example, the context might not always make clear who is the person doing the liking. In that case, you can add the prepositional phrase a the person liking, as shown below, at the beginning of the sentence (or less commonly at the end of the sentence). Note that the indirect-object pronoun cannot be omitted; the prepositional phrase clarifies the indirect-object pronoun rather than replacing it. A Carlos le gusta el coche. (Carlos likes the car.)A Marà ­a le gustan las camionetas. (Marà ­a likes the pickups.) ¿A ustedes les gusta el coche? (Do you like the car?) Conjugating Gustar Because gustar is nearly always used with subjects in the third person, it is often considered a defective verb. However, it can also be used with other subjects to talk about liking different people. Be careful though, because often the verb gustar, when used with people, denotes a romantic attraction. To talk about simply liking people, a more common expression uses the verb caer bien, as in Marà ­a me cae bien (I like Marà ­a). In the table below, you can see how gustar can be conjugated for each different subject using this romantic meaning. Yo gusto Yo le gusto a mi novio. My boyfriend likes me. / I am pleasing to my boyfriend. Tà º gustas Tà º le gustas a tu esposa. Your wife likes you. / You are pleasing to your wife. Usted/à ©l/ella gusta Ella le gusta a Carlos. Carlos likes her. / She is pleasing to Carlos. Nosotros gustamos Nosotros le gustamos a muchas personas. Many people like us. / We are pleasing to many people. Vosotros gustis Vosotros le gustis a Pedro. Pedro likes you. / You are pleasing to Pedro. Ustedes/ellos/ellas gustan Ellos le gustan a Marta. Marta likes them. / They are pleasing to Marta. Since gustar is frequently used to talk about things being pleasing to people, or people liking things, the tables below show the conjugations of the verb with the liked objects as the subject of the sentence. The verb takes the form of the third person singular if the person likes a singular noun or verb, and the third person plural if the person likes a plural noun. Gustar Present Indicative A mà ­ me gusta(n) Me gusta la comida china. I like Chinese food. A ti tegusta(n) Te gustan las frutas y verduras. You like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legusta(n) Le gusta bailar salsa. She likes to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgusta(n) Nos gusta el arte moderno. We like modern art. A vosotros osgusta(n) Os gusta caminar por la ciudad. You like walking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgusta(n) Les gustan los colores vivos. They like bright colors. Preterite Indicative The preterite tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past. In the case of gustar, it would be used in the context of seeing or trying something for the first time and liking it, or having liked something only for a certain amount of time. A mà ­ me gustà ³/gustaron Me gustà ³ la comida china. I liked Chinese food. A ti tegustà ³/gustaron Te gustaron las frutas y verduras. You liked fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustà ³/gustaron Le gustà ³ bailar salsa. She liked to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustà ³/gustaron Nos gustà ³ el arte moderno. We liked modern art. A vosotros osgustà ³/gustaron Os gustà ³ caminar por la ciudad. You liked walking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustà ³/gustaron Les gustaron los colores vivos. They liked bright colors. Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is used to talk about ongoing or repeated actions in the past. In the case of gustar, it would refer to someone who used to like something, but doesnt anymore. A mà ­ me gustaba(n) Me gustabala comida china. I used to like Chinese food. A ti tegustaba(n) Te gustabanlas frutas y verduras. You used to like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustaba(n) Le gustababailar salsa. She used to like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustaba(n) Nos gustabael arte moderno. We used to like modern art. A vosotros osgustaba(n) Os gustabacaminar por la ciudad. You used to likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustaba(n) Les gustaban los colores vivos. Theyused to like bright colors. Future Indicative A mà ­ me gustar(n) Me gustarla comida china. I will like Chinese food. A ti tegustar(n) Te gustarnlas frutas y verduras. You will like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella legustar(n) Le gustarbailar salsa. She will like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosgustar(n) Nos gustarel arte moderno. We will like modern art. A vosotros osgustar(n) Os gustarcaminar por la ciudad. You will likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustar(n) Les gustarn los colores vivos. Theywill like bright colors. Periphrastic  Future Indicative   A mà ­ me va(n) a gustar Me va a gustar la comida china. I am going to like Chinese food. A ti teva(n) a gustar Te van a gustarlas frutas y verduras. You aregoing to like fruits and vegetables. A usted/à ©l/ella leva(n) a gustar Le va a gustarbailar salsa. She isgoing to like to dance salsa. A nosotros nosva(n) a gustar Nos va a gustarel arte moderno. We aregoing to like modern art. A vosotros osva(n) a gustar Os va a gustarcaminar por la ciudad. You aregoing to likewalking around the city. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesva(n) a gustar Les van a gustar los colores vivos. Theyaregoing to like bright colors. Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund or present participle can be used as an adverb, or to form progressive tenses like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofGustar est(n) gustando A ella le est gustando bailar salsa. She is liking dancing salsa. Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective or to form compound verb forms using the auxiliary verb haber, such as the present perfect. Present Perfect of Gustar ha(n) gustado A ella le ha gustado bailar salsa. She has liked dancing salsa. Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is used to talk about possibilities. A mà ­ me gustarà ­a(n) Me gustarà ­ala comida china, pero es muy salada. I would like Chinese food, but it is very salty. A ti tegustarà ­a(n) Te gustarà ­anlas frutas y verduras si fueras ms saludable. You would like fruits and vegetables if you were healthier. A usted/à ©l/ella legustarà ­a(n) Le gustarà ­abailar salsa si hubiera tomado clases. She would like to dance salsa if she had taken lessons. A nosotros nosgustarà ­a(n) Nos gustarà ­ael arte moderno, pero preferimos el arte clsico. We would like modern art, but we prefer classical art. A vosotros osgustarà ­a(n) Os gustarà ­acaminar por la ciudad si no fuera peligroso. You would likewalking around the city if it were not dangerous. A ustedes/ellos/ellas lesgustarà ­a(n) Les gustarà ­an los colores vivos, pero prefieren los colores claros. Theywould like bright colors, but they prefer light colors. Present Subjunctive Que a mà ­ me guste(n) El cocinero espera que me guste la comida china. The cook hopes I like Chinese food. Que a ti te guste(n) Tu madre espera que te gusten las frutas y verduras. Your mother hopes that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le guste(n) Su novio espera que a ella le guste bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hopes that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos guste(n) El artista espera que nos guste el arte moderno. The artist hopes that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os guste(n) La doctora espera que nos guste caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hopes that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les guste(n) El diseà ±ador espera que a ellas les gusten los colores vivos. The designer hopes that they like bright colors. Imperfect Subjunctive The imperfect subjunctive can be conjugated in two different ways: Option 1 Que a mà ­ me gustara(n) El cocinero esperaba que me gustara la comida china. The cook hoped I like Chinese food. Que a ti te gustara(n) Tu madre esperaba que te gustaran las frutas y verduras. Your mother hoped that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le gustara(n) Su novio esperaba que a ella le gustara bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hoped that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos gustara(n) El artista esperaba que nos gustara el arte moderno. The artist hoped that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os gustara(n) La doctora esperaba que nos gustara caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hoped that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les gustara(n) El diseà ±ador esperaba que les gustaran los colores vivos. The designer hoped that they like bright colors. Option 2 Que a mà ­ me gustase(n) El cocinero esperaba que me gustase la comida china. The cook hoped I like Chinese food. Que a ti te gustase(n) Tu madre esperaba que te gustasen las frutas y verduras. Your mother hoped that you like fruits and vegetables. Que a usted/à ©l/ella le gustase(n) Su novio esperaba que a ella le gustase bailar salsa. Her boyfriend hoped that she like to dance salsa. Que a nosotros nos gustase(n) El artista esperaba que nos gustase el arte moderno. The artist hoped that we like modern art. Que a vosotros os gustase(n) La doctora esperaba que nos gustase caminar por la ciudad. The doctor hoped that we like walking around the city. Que a ustedes/ellos/ellas les gustase(n) El diseà ±ador esperaba que les gustasen los colores vivos. The designer hoped that they like bright colors. Gustar Imperative The imperative mood is used to give commands or orders. However, remember that gustar is a different verb, where the subject of the sentence is the object that pleases the person. Since you cant command a thing to please someone, the imperative forms of gustar are very rarely used. If you wanted to tell someone to like something, you would say it in a more indirect way using a structure with the subjunctive, such as Quiero que te gusten las frutas (I want you to like fruit) or Exijo que te guste bailar (I demand that you like to dance).